Distillation, or classical distillation, is the process of separating components or substance from a liquid mixture by using selective boiling and condensation. Dry distillation is the heating of solid materials to produce gaseous products(which may condense into liquids or solids). Distillation may result in essentially complete separation(or nearly pure components), or it may be partial separation that increase concentration of selected components in the mixture. In either case, the process exploits differences in the relative volatility of the mixture's components. In industrial applications, distillation is a unit operation of practically universal importance, but it is a physical separation process, not a chemical reaction.
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